Lansing Negligence Lawyer

Lansing Negligence Lawyer

Personal injury consultation

Our track record isn't just about past victories; it's a promise of our commitment to your future. Learn more about Lansing personal injury attorney here. You're not just another case file to them. They're just a call or email away, ready to provide the answers you need without unnecessary legal jargon. Don't underestimate the complexity of personal injury claims. Read more about Lansing Negligence Lawyer here
At The Clark Law Office, the belief is strong that a dedicated advocate can significantly alter the course for Lansing Negligence Lawyer residents facing the aftermath of personal injuries. It ensures you have access to expert legal advice right from the start, helping you make informed decisions about your case.

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This means delving into areas that are complex, where the stakes are higher and the opposition tougher.
Your lawyer will then work with you to gather evidence, including medical records and expert testimonials, proving negligence occurred. They're looking out for their bottom line, not your long-term well-being. You'll be kept in the loop with regular updates about your case's progress, ensuring you're never left wondering what's happening.
It's here where understanding the nuances becomes critical. Top-rated injury lawyer They're ready to stand up for you, armed with expertise and a relentless drive for fairness. You're up against insurance companies and employers who've resources dedicated to minimizing their payouts.

That's where the fight for fair compensation becomes more than just about numbers; it's about securing your future wellbeing. Their track record speaks volumes. It's this commitment and expertise that make us the go-to personal injury lawyers in Lansing Negligence Lawyer.

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It's a nuanced dance, requiring a deep understanding of legal precedents and negotiation tactics.

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We're here to guide you through every step, ensuring you receive the personal attention and dedicated representation you deserve.
They believe that knowledge is power, and by empowering you, they're creating a safer, more informed community. It's also about storytelling. The Clark Law Office is here to help you move forward, with less stress and more support. We'll fight tirelessly to secure the compensation you deserve, not just for your immediate expenses, but also for any future impacts on your life.
Choosing the Clark Law Office means you're not just getting a lawyer; you're gaining a responsive legal team dedicated to your cause. Before you step into a negotiation, you've got to know your numbers inside and out. Learn more about Lansing Negligence Lawyer here They've negotiated countless settlements and aren't afraid to take your case to trial if it means securing the compensation you deserve. It's not enough to just win in court or at the negotiation table.
Then, we'll take the lead in negotiating with insurance companies on your behalf. The Clark team didn't back down. They'll scrutinize every detail, searching for inconsistencies to lower your claim's value. Premises liability lawyer Whether you've suffered due to a car accident, workplace injury, or a slip and fall, they've got you covered.

Lansing Slip and Fall Lawyer

Lansing (/ˈlænsɪŋ/) is the capital of the U.S. state of Michigan and the most populous city in Ingham County. It is mostly in the county, although portions of the city extend west into Eaton County and north into Clinton County. The 2020 census placed the city's population at 112,644, making it the sixth most populous city in Michigan. The population of its metropolitan statistical area (MSA) was 541,297 at the 2020 census, the third largest in the state after metropolitan Detroit and Grand Rapids. It was named the new state capital of Michigan in 1847, ten years after Michigan became a state.

Lansing Negligence Lawyer

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Citations and other links

Personal Injury Law Firm Lansing Negligence Lawyer

Leveraging advanced in-depth investigation techniques, Clark Law Office ensures every detail of your case is meticulously examined to strengthen your personal injury claim. These lawyers have seen it all, from straightforward slip-and-fall cases to the most convoluted workplace injuries. You've likely heard their name mentioned alongside impressive verdicts and settlements. Thanks to them, I received a settlement that far exceeded my expectations.'Then there's Mark, who suffered a workplace injury.

Their team is well-versed in the nuances of Michigan law, making them a formidable ally. To achieve the best outcome in your worker's compensation case, it's crucial to employ effective strategies tailored to your specific circumstances. That's where The Clark Law Office steps in. Spine injury lawyer

The Clark Law Office's broader representation areas include medical malpractice, product liability, and wrongful death claims, among others. And it's not just about the victories; it's how they achieve them. And if your case goes to court, you can count on us to represent you with tenacity and expertise.

It's a battle of wits and wills, where every piece of documentation, from medical records to eyewitness accounts, plays a critical role in tilting the scales of justice in your favor. Moreover, they're doubling down on their efforts to educate the community on their rights and how to protect themselves against negligence. Motor vehicle accident lawyer It's not just about laying out the facts; it's about connecting with the people deciding your case on a human level.

Personal Injury Law Firm Lansing Negligence Lawyer
Lansing Negligence Lawyer Personal Injury Expert Attorney

Lansing Negligence Lawyer Personal Injury Expert Attorney

Understanding the other side's concerns and objections can help you address them directly and turn the negotiation in your favor. Another crucial strategy is accurately assessing your damages. Moreover, The Clark Law Office has been recognized for its pro bono work, providing free legal assistance to those in need. Moreover, they can provide invaluable advice on how to handle medical evaluations and gather the necessary evidence to support your claim. Over the years, they've been honored with awards for their outstanding service and contribution to the community.

Keep detailed records and don't shy away from seeking second opinions to bolster your case. She was side-swiped by a distracted driver, suffering severe injuries. Even if the injury seems minor, a thorough medical evaluation is crucial for your health and serves as vital documentation should you decide to pursue a legal claim.

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We'll guide you through every form and deadline, ensuring you understand each step.

However, know when to let your lawyer take the lead, especially in negotiations.

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You're not just dealing with physical pain; there's also the emotional and financial strain to consider. You're entitled to seek compensation if medical negligence caused harm to your newborn or the birthing parent. That's why they're committed to providing clear, timely communication at every step.

Lansing Negligence Lawyer - Personal injury consultation



    Navigating the aftermath of a car accident is like trying to find your way through a maze in the dark; it's confusing, frightening, and you're likely to hit dead ends without a guide. Their guidance and support were invaluable.'You'll also discover stories of how the Clark Law Office's personal touch made a significant difference. Injury settlement lawyer 'After my accident, I was overwhelmed,' another client shared. 'But their team walked me through every step, ensuring I understood my options. With a top personal injury lawyer by your side, you're better positioned to navigate these waters, pushing for the fair compensation you rightfully deserve. With decades of experience, they've honed the art of persuading insurance companies and opposing counsel to agree to fair settlements.

    Lansing Negligence Lawyer Wrongful Injury Lawyer

    Take Sarah's case, for example. The Clark Law Office has simplified the steps you need to take, ensuring you can start your claim without unnecessary delays. Their team has a deep understanding of the complexities inherent in personal injury law. This balance between assertiveness and diplomacy is what sets them apart.

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    They'll anticipate the opposing side's moves, counteract their arguments, and ensure your case is as strong as possible.

    Their commitment to serving those around them extends beyond the courtroom, touching lives in practical, impactful ways. When you win your case, it's a validation of your experience, a public acknowledgment that what happened to you was wrong. Remember, in the fight for justice, legal expertise isn't just important; it's indispensable. The Clark Law Office not only provided them with a shoulder to lean on but also pursued their case with relentless dedication, securing justice for their family member and helping them find a sense of closure.

    While clients have praised the personal touch and victories achieved outside the courtroom, it's crucial to understand the legal hurdles faced and conquered behind the scenes. You've also got a limited time to act, known as the statute of limitations. By the time they're done, they'll not only know the ins and outs of your claim but also the best path to take towards securing your compensation. Medical negligence cases lawyer When you're facing the aftermath of an injury, knowing you've got a team with a strong courtroom presence can ease your worries.

    The legal aspect adds another layer, as you're possibly contending with medical bills and the prospect of future care costs. If you're looking to understand this complex area, you've come to the right place. In essence, an experienced personal injury lawyer transforms your worker's compensation claim from a daunting challenge into a manageable process, significantly increasing your chances of a favorable outcome. You'll find that their team listens intently to your concerns, answers your questions with patience, and ensures you're kept in the loop every step of the way.

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    Lansing Negligence Lawyer Slip and Fall Injury Consultation
    Lansing Negligence Lawyer Slip and Fall Injury Consultation

    What you say can be used against you in your case. Expect lowball offers or outright denials. One client mentioned, 'They made me feel like family, not just another case. Filing a lawsuit is the next significant step. These experts can offer invaluable insights into the specifics of your case, from medical implications to the technicalities of an accident scene.

    This is the attorney who stands ready to fight for you in Lansing Negligence Lawyer. We know no two cases are the same, and that's why we tailor our strategy to fit your unique situation. Personal injury consultation As you navigate this shifting landscape, you'll find that remote work and the gig economy are reshaping what it means to be an 'employee,' challenging traditional worker's compensation systems to adapt. That's why a top personal injury lawyer in Lansing Negligence Lawyer doesn't apply a one-size-fits-all approach.

    Their trophy case also boasts recognition from legal associations, highlighting their professional achievements and ethical standards. Courtroom settings can be intimidating, and the process can be emotionally draining. These fresh faces bring a wealth of knowledge and an invigorated approach to tackling your cases. You'll start by consulting with a knowledgeable personal injury lawyer who specializes in these areas.

    During this consultation, you're encouraged to ask questions and express any concerns you might have. Navigating insurance complexities can often feel like a maze, but you're not alone in this journey. But what truly sets them apart? If negotiations don't result in a fair settlement, we're prepared to take your case to court.

    Lawyer for Injuries Caused by Negligence in Lansing Negligence Lawyer

    It's a path marked by unexpected challenges, from securing the right medical care to adapting your home for accessibility. Their approach is always personalized, digging deep into the specifics of your case to craft a strategy that maximizes your compensation. Navigating the complex world of personal injury law requires a lawyer's expert guidance to secure the compensation you deserve. You'll find that his approach is both personal and professional.
    Their comprehensive client support system, versatility in handling a wide range of practice areas, and the unwavering trust they've built within the community underscore the value they bring to the table. Understanding your legal journey, Clark Law Office has upgraded its client support services to ensure you receive unparalleled care and attention throughout your case. Then there's the issue of comparative fault.
    This approach isn't just about securing compensation; it's about affirming your dignity and ensuring your voice is heard in a system that often feels impersonal and intimidating. Your lawyer will handle the complexities, allowing you to focus on your recovery.

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    If you've suffered an injury, your first step should be to seek medical attention immediately.
    Each case, whether it involved a slip and fall incident or medical malpractice, showcased the attorney's commitment to justice and client welfare. This isn't just any attorney; they're a beacon of hope for many, fighting tooth and nail to ensure their clients receive the compensation they deserve. Next, report the incident to the appropriate authorities or parties.

    Explore Lansing Negligence Lawyer here
    Lawyer for Injuries Caused by Negligence in Lansing Negligence Lawyer

    A personal injury lawyer is a lawyer who provides legal services to those who claim to have been injured, physically or psychologically, as a result of the negligence of another person, company, government agency or any entity. Personal injury lawyers primarily practice in the area of law known as tort law. Examples of common personal injury claims include injuries from slip and fall accidents, traffic collisions, defective products, workplace injuries and professional malpractice.

    The term "trial lawyers" is used to refer to personal injury lawyers, even though many other types of lawyers, including defense lawyers and criminal prosecutors also appear in trials and even though most personal injury claims are settled without going to trial.

    Qualification

    [edit]

    A personal injury lawyer must qualify to practice law in the jurisdiction in which the lawyer practices. In many states, they must also pass a written ethics examination.[1]

    Lawyers may take continuing legal education (CLE) classes in order to learn about developments in the law or to learn about new practice areas. In states that require lawyers to attend CLE, personal injury lawyers may take CLE courses relevant to personal injury law, but are not required to do so.[2]

    United States

    [edit]

    Certain bar associations and attorney organizations offer certifications, including certification of lawyers in the field of personal injury.[3] Certification is not required to practice personal injury law, but may help a lawyer demonstrate knowledge in the field to potential clients. Within the U.S., not all state bars offer certification for personal injury law. Some states, such as New Jersey,[4] allow lawyers to become Certified Trial Attorneys, a credential that is available to both plaintiff and defense attorneys. Some states, such as Arizona,[5] restrict the use of the words "specialist" or "specialize" to lawyers who have obtained a certification from the State Bar Board of Legal Specialization in a specific field of law, with one such certification being in the area of personal injury law.

    Practice

    [edit]

    Lawyers may concentrate their practice to specific areas of law, including personal injury law.[6] Some lawyers may further specialize to a specific area of personal injury, such as medical malpractice law. By limiting the range of cases they handle, personal injury lawyers are able to acquire specialized knowledge and experience.

    Client relations

    [edit]

    Before accepting a new case, a personal injury lawyer typically interviews a prospective client and evaluates the client's case to determine the basic facts and potential legal claims that might be made, identifies possible defendants, and evaluates the strength of the case.[7] A lawyer may decline to accept a case if the lawyer believes that the legal claims will not succeed in court, if the cost of litigation is expected to exceed the amount that can reasonably be recovered from the defendants as compensation for the client's injury.[8]

    Compensation

    [edit]

    Lawyer fees may be charged in a number of ways, including contingency fees, hourly rates, and flat fees. In many countries, personal injury lawyers work primarily on a contingency fee basis, sometimes called an if-come fee, through which the lawyer receives a percentage of a client's recovery as a fee, but does not recover a fee if the claim is not successful.[7]

    In some jurisdictions, or by virtue of the retainer agreement between an attorney and client, the amount of the legal fee may vary depending upon whether a case settles before a lawsuit is filed, after a lawsuit is filed but before trial, or if the case goes to trial.[9] For example, a retainer agreement might provide that a lawyer will receive a 33 and 1/3% contingency fee if a case settles before a lawsuit is filed, a 40% contingency fee if the case settles after the lawsuit is filed, or up to 45% if the lawsuit goes to trial.

    Due to the high cost of litigation, personal injury lawyers are rarely retained to work based on an hourly fee.[10] However, defense attorneys who are hired to contest personal injury claims are often paid on an hourly basis.

    Ethics

    [edit]

    An attorney should provide diligent representation to clients, and the ultimate professional responsibility of a personal injury lawyer is to help plaintiffs obtain just compensation for their losses. As with all lawyers, the attorney-client relationship is governed by rules of ethics.[11]

    In the United States, lawyers are regulated by codes of conduct established by state bar associations, which have the power to take disciplinary action against lawyers who violate professional or ethical regulations.[12] States normally require all contingency agreements between lawyers and their clients to be in writing, and may limit the amount that may be charged as a contingency fee to a specific maximum percentage of the recovery.

    Organizations

    [edit]

    Although membership is not required for personal injury practice, many personal injury lawyers join professional associations. For example:

    • American Bar Association – a professional association dedicated to improving the legal system and providing accreditation for law schools and continuing legal education programs
    • Association of Personal Injury Lawyers – an association based in Nottingham, England; founded in 1990 by personal injury lawyers on behalf of accident victims
    • Consumer Attorneys Association of Los Angeles – CAALA is one of the largest associations of plaintiffs' lawyers in the United States and hosts one of the largest annual attorneys' conventions.
    • American Association for Justice – an association of trial lawyers that was founded in 1946 by a group of plaintiffs' attorneys committed to safeguarding victims' rights. Prior to 2007, this organization was called the Association of Trial Lawyers of America, or ATLA.[13]
    • The National Trial Lawyers – a national organization composed of trial lawyers, offering networking opportunities, advocacy training and educational programs for trial lawyers.[14]
    • Personal Injuries Bar Association (PIBA) - a specialist bar association for UK barristers who practise in the field of personal injuries.[15]

    Criticism

    [edit]

    Critics of personal injury lawyers claim that litigation increases the cost of products and services and the cost of doing business.[16] For example, critics of medical malpractice lawyers argue that lawsuits increase the cost of healthcare, and that lawsuits may inspire doctors to leave medical practice or create doctor shortages. These concerns, often raised in response to efforts to reform healthcare, have not been well substantiated. A publication by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation found little evidence that traditional tort reforms affect medical liability costs or defensive medicine.[17] A study conducted on a bipartisan basis in Texas has found that tort reform, once enacted, had no impact on reducing the cost of medical care, tending to throw doubt on claims made by tort reform advocates.[18]

    See also

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ "Becoming a Lawyer: Frequently Asked Questions". State Bar of Texas.
    2. ^ Lowenthal, Werner (1981). "Continuing Education for Professionals: Voluntary or Mandatory?". The Journal of Higher Education. 52 (5): 519–538.
    3. ^ "A Concise Guide to Lawyer Specialty Certification" (PDF). ABA Standing Committee on Specialization. American Bar Association. June 2007. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
    4. ^ "Board on Attorney Certification". New Jersey Courts. New Jersey Judiciary. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
    5. ^ "Certified Specialists". State Bar of Arizona. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
    6. ^ Nelson, Robert L. (1988). Partners with Power: The Social Transformation of the Large Law Firm. University of California Press. pp. 174–175. ISBN 0520058445. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
    7. ^ a b Goodman, Peggy. "Initial Interview with a Potential Client". LexisNexis. Relx Group. Retrieved 21 January 2008.
    8. ^ Coffee, John C. (May 1986). "Understanding the Plaintiff's Attorney: The Implications of Economic Theory for Private Enforcement of Law through Class and Derivative Actions". Columbia Law Review. 86 (4): 669–727. doi:10.2307/1122577. JSTOR 1122577. S2CID 158524103.
    9. ^ Danzon, Patricia M. (1983). "Contingent Fees for Personal Injury Litigation". The Bell Journal of Economics. 14 (1): 213–224. doi:10.2307/3003548. JSTOR 3003548.
    10. ^ Danzon, Patricia M. (June 1980). "Contingent Fees for Personal Injury Litigation" (PDF). Rand. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
    11. ^ Weissman, Herbert N.; Debow, Deborah M. (2003). Ethical Principles and Professional Competencies. Handbook of Psychology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 3:33–53. ISBN 047138321X. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
    12. ^ Carr, David Cameron (2010). "Attorney Fees: Five Keys to Ethical Compliance". GPSolo. Archived from the original on 2 October 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
    13. ^ "American Association for Justice". justice.org. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
    14. ^ "The National Trial Lawyers". Retrieved 2 April 2019.
    15. ^ Personal Injuries Bar Association, accessed 27 September 2022
    16. ^ Hiltzig, Michael (20 September 2014). "New study shows that the savings from 'tort reform' are mythical". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
    17. ^ "Medical Malpractice: April 2011 Update". The Synthesis Project. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 1 April 2011. Retrieved 2 July 2017.
    18. ^ Roser, Mary Ann (20 June 2012). "New study: Tort reform has not reduced health care costs in Texas". Statesman Media. American Statesman. Retrieved 2 July 2017.

     

    Lansing is located in the United States
    Lansing
    Lansing
    Location within the United States
    Lansing
    Flag of Lansing
    Official seal of Lansing
     
    Official logo of Lansing
    Nickname(s): 
    Capital City, L-Town, "The Heart of Michigan"
    Map
    Interactive map of Lansing
    Lansing is located in Michigan
    Lansing
    Lansing
    Location within the state of Michigan

    Coordinates: 42°42′51″N 84°33′36″W / 42.71417°N 84.56000°W / 42.71417; -84.56000[1]CountryUnited StatesStateMichiganCountiesClinton, Eaton, and InghamSettled1835Incorporated1859Named forLansing, New YorkGovernment

     

     • TypeStrong mayor–council • MayorAndy Schor • ClerkChris Swope • City council

    Members
    • Jeffrey Brown
      (At Large)
    • Peter Spadafore
      (At Large)
    • Tamara Carter
      (At Large)
    • Trini Pehlivanoglu
      (At Large)
    • Ryan Kost
      (1st Ward)
    • Jeremy Garza
      (2nd Ward)
    • Adam Hussain
      (3rd Ward)
    • Brian Jackson
      (4th Ward)

    Area

     • City

    39.78 sq mi (103.03 km2) • Land39.14 sq mi (101.38 km2) • Water0.64 sq mi (1.65 km2) • Urban

     

    155.8 sq mi (354.4 km2) • Metro

     

    1,714.6 sq mi (4,440.8 km2)Elevation

    853 ft (260 m)Population

     (2020)
     • City

    112,644 • Density2,877.68/sq mi (1,111.09/km2) • Urban

     

    318,300 (US: 128th)[4] • Urban density2,042.6/sq mi (788.7/km2) • Metro

     

    541,297 (US: 106th)Demonym(s)Lansingite, Lanstronaut (informal)Time zoneUTC−5 (EST) • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)ZIP Codes

    48901, 48906, 48908–48913, 48915–48919, 48921, 48922, 48924, 48929, 48930, 48933, 48937, 48950, 48951, 48956

    Area code517FIPS code26-46000[5]GNIS feature ID1625035[1]Websitelansingmi.gov

    Lansing (/ˈlænsɪŋ/) is the capital of the U.S. state of Michigan and the most populous city in Ingham County. It is mostly in the county, although portions of the city extend west into Eaton County and north into Clinton County. The 2020 census placed the city's population at 112,644,[6] making it the sixth most populous city in Michigan. The population of its metropolitan statistical area (MSA) was 541,297 at the 2020 census, the third largest in the state after metropolitan Detroit and Grand Rapids. It was named the new state capital of Michigan in 1847, ten years after Michigan became a state.

    The Lansing metropolitan area, colloquially referred to as "Mid-Michigan", is an important center for educational, cultural, governmental, commercial, and industrial functions. Neighboring East Lansing is home to Michigan State University, a public research university with an enrollment of more than 50,000.[7] The area features two medical schools, one veterinary school, two nursing schools, and two law schools. It is the site of the Michigan State Capitol, the state Supreme Court, the Court of Appeals, a federal court, the Library of Michigan and Historical Center, and headquarters of four national insurance companies.

    Lansing is the only U.S. state capital (among the 47 located in counties) that is not also a county seat. The seat of government of Ingham County is Mason,[8] but the county maintains some offices in Lansing.[9]

    History

    [edit]

    Exploration by Europeans

    [edit]

    The first recorded person of European descent to travel through the area that is now Lansing was British fur trader Hugh Heward and his French-Canadian team on April 24, 1790, while canoeing the Grand River.[10][11] The land that was to become Lansing was surveyed as "Township 4 North Range 2 West" in February 1827 in what was then dense forest. It was the last of the county's townships to be surveyed, and the land was not offered for sale until October 1830.[12] There would be no roads to this area for decades to come.

    Grand River overlooking Lansing River Trail Bridge

    Founding myth

    [edit]

    Historians have lamented the persistence of a myth about Lansing's founding.[13]

    The incorrect story of Lansing's beginnings states that in the winter of 1835 and early 1836, two brothers from New York plotted the area now known as REO Town just south of downtown Lansing and named it "Biddle City". This land lay in a floodplain and was underwater during the majority of the year. Nevertheless, the brothers went back to Lansing, New York, to sell plots for the town that did not exist. They told the New Yorkers this new "city" had an area of 65 blocks, a church and a public and academic square. 16 men bought plots in the nonexistent city, and upon reaching the area later that year found they were the victims of the scam. Many in the group, disappointed and now without funds to move on again, opted to stay and ended up settling around what is now metropolitan Lansing.

    The story has persisted due to a 1904 newspaper article, which cited a memoir told by Daniel W. Buck, a respected Lansing mayor and son of one of the early pioneers. His story was cited in Michigan pioneer papers and retold in newspaper articles multiple times in the decades that followed. His characterization of the city as being born from a "land scam" was incorrect, though his story had some elements of truth as well.

    Origins as a town

    [edit]

    The brothers were William and Jerry Ford. Although they were originally from New York, they were well-respected businessmen who hailed from Jackson and were instrumental during its earliest years.

    In 1836, they bought 290 acres in the northwest corner of Ingham County. They platted the land and hoped to build a community they named Biddle City, located south of the convergence of the Grand River and the Red Cedar River, in Lansing's present-day REO Town neighborhood. Biddle City's plat map included plans for a public square, church square and academy square. They sold 21 parcels of it — mostly to other Michiganders, not New Yorkers — and buyers understood that it was not yet a real city. Unfortunately, Biddle City never took off. The financial Panic of 1837 forced the brothers to heavily mortgage the property, and the city never materialized.[13]

    Biddle City was not Lansing's original name, nor a precursor to it, as the plat was located outside of Lansing's original city limits.

    Originally, all that existed was Lansing Township, named in 1842 by an early settler, Joseph E. North Sr., after Lansing in Tompkins County, NY, where he was from.

    The settlement of fewer than 20 people that would become the City of Lansing remained quiet until the winter of 1847. The state constitution required the capital be moved from Detroit to a more central and safer location in the state's interior in 1847; many were concerned about Detroit's proximity to British-controlled Canada, which had captured Detroit in the War of 1812. The United States had recaptured the city in 1813, but these events led to the dire need to have the center of government relocated further away from hostile British territory. There was also concern with Detroit's strong influence over Michigan politics, being the state's largest city as well as the capital city.[14]

    During the multi-day session to determine a new location for the state capital, many cities, including Ann Arbor, Marshall, and Jackson, lobbied hard to win this designation.[15] Unable to publicly reach a consensus because of constant political wrangling, the Michigan House of Representatives privately chose the Township of Lansing out of frustration. When announced, many present openly laughed that such an insignificant settlement was now Michigan's capital. Two months later, Governor William L. Greenly signed into law the act of the legislature making Lansing Township the state capital.[14]

    An 1847 plat map of "the town of Michigan", prior to the selection of "Lansing" as the capital's name the following year. (The map is oriented with north to the right.)

    With the announcement that Lansing Township had been made the capital, the small settlement quickly transformed into the seat of state government. Within months after it became the capital city, further individual settlements began to develop around it, along three key points along the Grand River in the township:[14]

    • "Lower Village/Town", where present-day Old Town stands, was the oldest of the three villages. It was home to the first house built in Lansing in 1843 by pioneer James Seymour and his family. Lower Town began to develop in 1847 with the completion of the Franklin Avenue (now Grand River Avenue) covered bridge over the Grand River.[16]
    • "Upper Village/Town", where present-day REO Town stands at the confluence of the Grand River and the Red Cedar River. It began to take off in 1847 when the Main Street Bridge was constructed over the Grand River. This village's focal point was the Benton House, a 4-story hotel, which opened in 1848. It was the first brick building in Lansing and was later razed in 1900.[16]
    • Michigan State Capitol
      "Middle Village/Town", where downtown Lansing now stands, was the last of the three villages to develop in 1848 with the completion of the Michigan Avenue bridge across the Grand River and the completion of the temporary capitol building which sat where Cooley Law School stands today on Capitol Avenue between Allegan and Washtenaw Streets, and finally the relocation of the post office to the village in 1851. This area would grow to become larger than the other two villages up and down river.[16]

    The collection of original settlements ("Upper Town", "Lower Town" and "Middle Town") had for some years been collectively referred to as the "Village of Michigan".[17] On February 16, 1842, Alaiedon township was split into the townships of Lansing, Delhi and Meridian (originally suggested as "Genoa") based on a petition submitted in December 1841 by Henry North, Roswell Everett and Zalmon Holmes. Henry North proposed the name "Lansing" for the township at the request of his father, who wanted it named after their old town of Lansing, New York.[15]

    On February 15, 1859, the settlement, having grown to nearly 3,000 and encompassing about seven square miles (18 km2) in area, was incorporated as a city, carving off a section of seven square miles from Lansing Township.[18] The boundaries of the original city were Douglas Avenue to the north, Wood and Regent streets to the east, Mount Hope Avenue to the south, and Jenison Avenue to the west. These boundaries would remain until 1916. Lansing began to grow steadily over the next two decades with the completion of the railroads through the city, a plank road, and the completion of the current capitol building in 1878.

    Most of what is known as Lansing today is the result of the city becoming an industrial powerhouse which began with the founding of Olds Motor Vehicle Company in August 1897. The company went through many changes, including a buyout, between its founding to 1905 when founder Ransom E. Olds started his new REO Motor Car Company, which would last in Lansing for another 70 years. Olds would be joined by the less successful Clarkmobile around 1903.[19] Over the next decades, the city would be transformed into a major American industrial center for the manufacturing of automobiles and parts, among other industries. The city also continued to grow in area. By 1956, the city had grown to 15 square miles (39 km2), and doubled in size over the next decade to its current size of roughly 33 square miles (85 km2).[20]

    Today, the city's economy is diversified among government service, healthcare, manufacturing, insurance, banking, and education.

    Notable events

    [edit]

    Anti-slavery movement

    [edit]

    In the late 1840s to early 1850s, the citizens of Lansing were unified against slavery, and the city became a secondary stop on the Underground Railroad, as one of the last steps of an escape route that led through Battle Creek, Schoolcraft and Cassopolis. From Lansing, the route led to Durand, and then to either Port Huron or Detroit.[21][22]

    Major fires

    [edit]

    The Kerns Hotel fire on December 11, 1934, was the deadliest in the city's history. Perhaps thirty-four people died in the fire, although the hotel register was also destroyed making an exact count impossible.

    On February 8, 1951, the Elliott-Larsen Building was intentionally set on fire by a state office employee. The following morning, the seventh floor collapsed down to the next level, which destroyed a large number of state historical records.[23]

    Elephant incident

    [edit]

    On September 26, 1963, a 12-year-old, 3,000-pound female dancing elephant named Rajje (alternately reported as Raji and Little Rajjee, among other variations) rebelled against her trainer during a performance in a shopping-center circus near what was then Logan Street and Holmes Road in Lansing, and escaped into the streets, aggravated by the frenzied pursuit of nearly 4,000 local residents. The incident ended with the shooting of the elephant by Lansing police.[24][25] Provoked by the growing crowd, Rajje's rampage took her through the men's wear, sporting goods and gift departments of a local Arlan's discount store before leading police on a two-mile chase in which she knocked down and injured a 67-year-old man, tried to move a car, and caused thousands of dollars in damage before being killed.

    Life Magazine quoted Rajje's trainer, William Pratt, as shouting at the scene, "Damn these people [...] They wouldn't leave her alone."[24]

    The incident was widely reported, including a photospread in Life.[24] While the Lansing State Journal coverage stressed the danger of the incident,[26] the Detroit Free Press noted that witnesses cried out "Murderers! Murderers!" as police fired eight shots.[27]

    Author Nelson Algren cites the injustice and sad end of the pursuit of "Raji, the Pixie-Eared Elephant" in continuity with the ambush of Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow in his introduction to a 1968 biography of the outlaws.[28] Then teenage Lansing residents who had goaded the elephant later on recalled the incident with sober regret in a local newspaper retrospective in 2011.[26]

    Geography

    [edit]

    Lansing is the centerpiece of a region of Michigan known as Mid-Michigan.

    The North Lansing dam of the Grand River. The Lansing River Trail and Ottawa Street Power Station are visible behind.

    According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 36.68 square miles (95.00 km2), of which 36.05 square miles (93.37 km2) is land and 0.63 square miles (1.63 km2) is water.[29] This figure includes two 425 Agreements with Alaiedon Township and Meridian Township, and the four 425 Agreements with Delta Township since 2000.

    Since the 2010 census, the city has entered into two additional 425 Agreements. The first agreement consisted of the temporary transfer of 1,888.2 acres of Lansing Capital Region International Airport to the city from DeWitt Township in 2011.[30] The second agreement consisted of the temporary transfer of 41 acres (17 ha) in Alaiedon Township for the expansion of the headquarters of Jackson National Life Insurance Company in 2013 bringing the area either fully or conditionally under control of the city to 39.69 square miles (102.80 km2).[30]

    Under Michigan law, 425 Agreements are only temporary land sharing agreements and do not count as official annexations. The Census Bureau, however, for statistical purposes does count these as annexations. Not counting the temporary 425 Agreements, Lansing administers 34.1 square miles (88 km2) total.

    Lansing is located in the south-central part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, where the Grand River meets the Red Cedar River. The city occupies most of what had formerly been part of Lansing Charter Township. It has also annexed adjacent tracts of land in Delta Charter Township and Windsor Township in Eaton County to the west, Delhi Charter Township in Ingham County to the south, and in DeWitt Charter Township in Clinton County to the north. The city also controls three non-contiguous tracts of land through 425 Agreements (conditional land transfer agreements) with Meridian Charter Township, Delta Charter Township, and Alaiedon Township in Ingham County to the southeast. It is also located between the state's two largest cities, Detroit and Grand Rapids.

    Lansing BWL's Ottawa Street Power Station

    Lansing elevations range between 890 feet (271 m) above sea level on the far south side of Lansing along Northrup Street near the Cedar Street intersection, to 833 feet (254 m) to 805.5 feet (246 m) above sea level along the Grand River.

    The Grand River, the largest river in Michigan, flows through downtown Lansing, and the Red Cedar River, a tributary of the Grand, flows through the campus of Michigan State University to its confluence with the Grand in Lansing. Sycamore Creek, a tributary of the Red Cedar, flows northward through the southeastern part of the city.[31] There are two lakes in the area, Park Lake and Lake Lansing, both northeast of the city. Lake Lansing is approximately 500 acres (2.0 km2) in size and is a summer favorite for swimmers, boaters, and fishermen. Michigan State University Sailing Club and the Lansing Sailing Club are located on Lake Lansing, where sailing regattas are hosted throughout the summer.

    The City of Lansing operates a total of 3.55 square miles (9.2 km2) of parkland, of which 2.80 square miles (7.3 km2) is parkland, 0.43 square miles (1.1 km2) are golflands, and 0.31 square miles (0.80 km2) are cemetery lands.[32] However, this figure includes the Waverly Hills Golf Course and adjacent Michigan Avenue Park, whose 0.18 square miles (0.47 km2) are located within neighboring Lansing Township, but operated by the City of Lansing, and does not include the 0.18 square miles (0.47 km2) of the combined Hawk Island County Park and adjacent Soldan Dog Park operated by Ingham County within the city of Lansing.[33] All together then, 3.55 square miles (9.2 km2) of the city (or approximately 10%) is publicly administered open space.

    Neighborhoods

    [edit]
    Boji Tower, Lansing's tallest building, located downtown

    The city's downtown is dominated by state government buildings, especially the State Capitol; but downtown has also experienced recent growth in new restaurants, retail stores and residential developments. Downtown Lansing had a historic city market that was one of the oldest continuously operating farmers' markets in the United States, until it closed in 2019.[34] Downriver and north of downtown is historic Old Town Lansing with many architecturally significant buildings dating to the mid-19th century.[35] Directly south of downtown on the other side of I-496 along Washington Avenue lies "REO Town", the birthplace of the automobile in the United States, is where Ransom Eli Olds built factories along Washington Avenue. Ransom Eli Olds' home, which once overlooked the factories along Washington Avenue, was displaced by I-496.

    Lansing is generally divided into four sections: the Eastside, Westside, Northwestside, and Southside. Each section contains a diverse array of neighborhoods. The Eastside, located east of the Grand River and north of the Red Cedar River, is the most ethnically diverse side of Lansing, with foreign-born citizens making up more of its population than any other side in the city.[36] The Eastside's commercial districts are located mainly along Michigan Avenue, and to a lesser extent along Kalamazoo Street. It is anchored by Frandor Shopping Center on the very eastern edge of the eastside.

    The Westside, roughly located north, west, and south of the Grand River as it curves through the city, is sometimes regarded as the city's most socio-economically diverse section. This side also contains Lansing's downtown area, though this neighborhood is often included as an area all its own. Outside downtown, this side is largely a collection of residential neighborhoods and is served by only one other commercial area along Saginaw Street. However, it also includes a small part of the Old Town Commercial Association.

    The Northwestside, generally located north of the Grand River, with the city limits defining its north and western borders, is physically the smallest side of the city. This part of the city includes moderate-density residential areas and some green areas. North of Grand River Avenue, the main street of the side, lie warehouses and light industrial areas served by a major rail line that runs through Lansing. The most notable landmark of this side is Lansing's airport: Capital Region International Airport.

    The Southside, usually described as the neighborhoods located south of the Grand and Red Cedar rivers and the I-496 freeway, is physically the largest and most populous side of the city. The area is largely residential in nature (south of Mount Hope Road near the northern edge) and is served by numerous commercial strips along Cedar Street, Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard, Pennsylvania Avenue, and Waverly Road, which run north–south. The large Edgewood District is located in the southernmost part of the Southside and is sometimes referred to as South Lansing. Though it is the largest area of the city by both physical size and population, it has often been regarded by Southside citizens as Lansing's most overlooked and forgotten area, as most of Lansing's attention in recent decades has been put into the revitalization of the city's historic core located mostly on small parts of both the East and Westside.

    The middle of the Southside—South-Central Lansing—contains the Old Everett Area. This location once contained the Everett School District and was annexed into the city in 1948.[37]

    Unincorporated areas adjacent to Lansing include parts of Lansing Charter Township, such as the unincorporated community of Edgemont Park, as well as parts of Delta Charter Township, such as the unincorporated community of Waverly. Though they are not part of the City of Lansing, these unincorporated communities often use Lansing mailing addresses.[38]

    Colonial Village
    Genesee Neighborhood

    Districts

    [edit]

    Climate

    [edit]
    Climate chart for Lansing

    Lansing has a Midwestern humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb/Dfa) that is influenced by the Great Lakes, and is part of USDA Hardiness zone 5b.[43] Winters are cold with moderate to heavy snowfall, while summers are very warm and humid. The monthly daily average temperature in July is 71.5 °F (21.9 °C), while the same figure for January is 23.4 °F (−4.8 °C); the annual mean is 48.21 °F (9.01 °C). On average, temperatures reach or exceed 90 °F (32.2 °C) on 8.8 days of the year and drop to or below 0 °F (−17.8 °C) on 10.5 nights.[44] Precipitation is generally greatest during summer but still frequent and significant in winter. Snowfall, which normally occurs from November to April, averages 51.1 inches (130 cm) per season, significantly less than areas to the west such as Grand Rapids as Lansing is relatively immune to lake-effect snows; seasonal snowfall has historically ranged from 16.6 in (42 cm) in 1863−64 to 97.2 in (247 cm) in 1880−81. The highest and lowest officially recorded temperatures were 103 °F (39 °C) on July 6, 2012,[44] and −37 °F (−38 °C) on February 2, 1868,[45] with the last −20 °F (−29 °C) or colder reading occurred on February 27, 1994; the record low maximum is −4 °F (−20 °C) on January 22, 1883, while, conversely, the record high minimum is 78 °F (26 °C) on August 1, 2006, and July 18, 1942.[44] Freezing temperatures in June are exceedingly rare and have not occurred in July or August since the 19th century; on average, they arrive on October 4 and depart on May 7, allowing a growing season of 149 days. The average window for measurable snow (≥0.1 in or 0.25 cm) is November 4 through April 6.

    Climate data for Lansing, Michigan (Capital Region Int'l), 1991−2020 normals, extremes 1863−present[a]
    Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
    Record high °F (°C) 66
    (19)
    73
    (23)
    86
    (30)
    88
    (31)
    96
    (36)
    99
    (37)
    103
    (39)
    102
    (39)
    99
    (37)
    90
    (32)
    79
    (26)
    70
    (21)
    103
    (39)
    Mean maximum °F (°C) 51.7
    (10.9)
    52.6
    (11.4)
    68.2
    (20.1)
    78.2
    (25.7)
    85.4
    (29.7)
    91.4
    (33.0)
    92.3
    (33.5)
    91.3
    (32.9)
    87.8
    (31.0)
    79.1
    (26.2)
    65.4
    (18.6)
    54.4
    (12.4)
    94.3
    (34.6)
    Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 30.6
    (−0.8)
    33.5
    (0.8)
    44.4
    (6.9)
    57.6
    (14.2)
    69.4
    (20.8)
    78.9
    (26.1)
    82.8
    (28.2)
    80.6
    (27.0)
    73.6
    (23.1)
    60.5
    (15.8)
    47.0
    (8.3)
    35.7
    (2.1)
    57.9
    (14.4)
    Daily mean °F (°C) 23.9
    (−4.5)
    25.9
    (−3.4)
    35.2
    (1.8)
    47.0
    (8.3)
    58.4
    (14.7)
    68.0
    (20.0)
    71.8
    (22.1)
    70.0
    (21.1)
    62.5
    (16.9)
    50.8
    (10.4)
    39.5
    (4.2)
    29.5
    (−1.4)
    48.5
    (9.2)
    Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 17.2
    (−8.2)
    18.3
    (−7.6)
    26.0
    (−3.3)
    36.4
    (2.4)
    47.5
    (8.6)
    57.1
    (13.9)
    60.9
    (16.1)
    59.5
    (15.3)
    51.5
    (10.8)
    41.2
    (5.1)
    31.9
    (−0.1)
    23.3
    (−4.8)
    39.2
    (4.0)
    Mean minimum °F (°C) −5.6
    (−20.9)
    −3.0
    (−19.4)
    5.3
    (−14.8)
    21.0
    (−6.1)
    31.2
    (−0.4)
    41.5
    (5.3)
    47.5
    (8.6)
    45.7
    (7.6)
    36.0
    (2.2)
    26.0
    (−3.3)
    15.9
    (−8.9)
    3.9
    (−15.6)
    −9.4
    (−23.0)
    Record low °F (°C) −29
    (−34)
    −37
    (−38)
    −25
    (−32)
    −6
    (−21)
    19
    (−7)
    27
    (−3)
    31
    (−1)
    26
    (−3)
    19
    (−7)
    10
    (−12)
    −5
    (−21)
    −25
    (−32)
    −37
    (−38)
    Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.06
    (52)
    1.71
    (43)
    2.13
    (54)
    3.26
    (83)
    3.66
    (93)
    3.76
    (96)
    2.94
    (75)
    3.48
    (88)
    2.81
    (71)
    3.16
    (80)
    2.46
    (62)
    1.90
    (48)
    33.33
    (847)
    Average snowfall inches (cm) 14.3
    (36)
    12.9
    (33)
    5.9
    (15)
    1.7
    (4.3)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    0.2
    (0.51)
    3.9
    (9.9)
    11.3
    (29)
    50.2
    (128)
    Average extreme snow depth inches (cm) 8.0
    (20)
    7.6
    (19)
    5.0
    (13)
    1.1
    (2.8)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    0.0
    (0.0)
    2.5
    (6.4)
    5.4
    (14)
    10.3
    (26)
    Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 13.9 10.7 10.9 12.5 12.5 10.5 9.1 10.1 10.1 11.6 12.3 13.5 137.7
    Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 11.9 10.0 4.8 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 3.9 9.4 42.1
    Average relative humidity (%) 78.8 76.2 73.3 67.6 66.7 69.0 71.0 74.9 77.5 76.1 78.6 81.1 74.2
    Average dew point °F (°C) 16.0
    (−8.9)
    16.9
    (−8.4)
    25.3
    (−3.7)
    34.5
    (1.4)
    45.1
    (7.3)
    55.2
    (12.9)
    60.3
    (15.7)
    59.5
    (15.3)
    53.2
    (11.8)
    41.5
    (5.3)
    32.2
    (0.1)
    21.7
    (−5.7)
    38.4
    (3.6)
    Mean monthly sunshine hours 118.2 140.1 187.6 218.7 278.6 296.2 318.5 278.1 217.6 163.8 92.4 82.1 2,391.9
    Percent possible sunshine 40 47 51 54 61 65 69 65 58 48 32 29 54
    Source: NOAA (relative humidity, dew point and sun 1961−1990)[44][46][47]

    See or edit raw graph data.

    Demographics

    [edit]
    Historical population
    Census Pop. Note
    1850 1,229  
    1860 3,074   150.1%
    1870 5,241   70.5%
    1880 8,319   58.7%
    1890 13,102   57.5%
    1900 16,485   25.8%
    1910 31,229   89.4%
    1920 57,327   83.6%
    1930 78,397   36.8%
    1940 78,753   0.5%
    1950 92,129   17.0%
    1960 107,807   17.0%
    1970 131,403   21.9%
    1980 130,414   −0.8%
    1990 127,321   −2.4%
    2000 119,128   −6.4%
    2010 114,297   −4.1%
    2020 112,644   −1.4%
    2023 (est.) 112,115   −0.5%
    U.S. Decennial Census[48]
    U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program[49]
    Map of racial distribution in Lansing, 2020 U.S. census. Each dot is one person: ⬤ White

    ⬤ Black

    ⬤ Asian

    ⬤ Hispanic

    ⬤ Multiracial

    ⬤ Native American/Other

    2020 census

    [edit]
    Lansing, Michigan – Racial and ethnic composition
    Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
    Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[50] Pop 2010[51] Pop 2020[52] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
    White alone (NH) 73,105 63,381 57,838 61.37% 55.45% 51.35%
    Black or African American alone (NH) 25,498 26,194 25,376 21.40% 22.92% 22.53%
    Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 831 681 504 0.70% 0.60% 0.45%
    Asian alone (NH) 3,317 4,202 4,732 2.78% 3.68% 4.20%
    Pacific Islander alone (NH) 44 38 32 0.04% 0.03% 0.03%
    Other race alone (NH) 270 214 767 0.23% 0.19% 0.68%
    Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 4,177 5,295 7,928 3.51% 4.63% 7.04%
    Hispanic or Latino (any race) 11,886 14,292 15,467 9.98% 12.50% 13.73%
    Total 119,128 114,297 112,644 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

    2010 census

    [edit]

    As of the 2010 census, there were 114,297 people, 48,450 households, and 26,234 families residing in the city.[5] The population density was 3,174.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,225.8/km2). There were 54,181 housing units at an average density of 1,505.0 per square mile (581.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 61.2% White (55.5% non-Hispanic White), 23.7% African American, 0.8% Native American, 3.7% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 4.3% from other races, and 6.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.5% of the population. Foreign-born residents made up 8.3% of the population.

    The median age in the city was 32.2 years. 24.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 30.2% were from 25 to 44; 23.8% were from 45 to 64; and 9.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.[53]

    2000 census

    [edit]

    As of the 2000 census, there were 119,128 people, 49,505 households, and 28,366 families residing in the city.[5] The population density was 3,399.0 inhabitants per square mile (1,312.4/km2). There were 53,159 housing units at an average density of 1,516.8 per square mile (585.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 65.28% White (61.4% non-Hispanic White), 21.91% African American, 0.80% Native American, 2.83% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 4.54% from other races, and 4.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.0% of the population. The city's foreign-born population stood at 5.9%.

    As of 2000, the city's population rose by 32,293 (27%) to 151,421 during the day due to the influx of workers.[54]

    There were 49,505 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.8% were married couples living together, 17.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.7% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65  years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.08.

    In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 11.4% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% who were 65  years of age or older. The median age was 31  years. For every 100 females, there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males.

    The median income for a household in the city was $34,833, and the median income for a family was $41,283. Males had a median income of $32,648 versus $27,051 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,924. About 13.2% of families and 16.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.2% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.

    Immigration and refugee resettlement

    [edit]

    The Brookings Institution has ranked Greater Lansing among the top 10 "medium-sized metropolitan areas" in the United States for refugee resettlement, with 5,369 refugees resettled from 1983 to 2004.[55] St. Vincent Catholic Charities and Lutheran Social Services handle the adult and unaccompanied minor resettlement processes, respectively, while other organizations, such as the Refugee Development Center, focus on providing educational and social support services to refugees in the Lansing area.[56] Nearby Michigan State University provides a source of volunteers for many of these programs.[57][58]

    As of 2005, the Lansing area has about 2,000 Arab Americans, mostly second-generation Christian Lebanese Americans as well as some Palestinian Americans.[59]

    The city is also home to a large number of temporary foreign residents enrolled as international students at Lansing Community College and nearby Michigan State University, with the city's visitors bureau specifically promoting Mandarin-language video tours of Lansing, touting the "more than 6,000" Chinese students enrolled at MSU.[60] The Lansing School District offers language immersion programs for its students in both Spanish and Chinese.[61]

    Government

    [edit]
    Lansing City Hall & Lansing Police Department Central Precinct

    Lansing is administered under a mayor–council government, more specifically a strong mayor form in which the mayor is the city's chief executive officer.[62] The mayor is obligated to appoint department heads (subject to council approval), and draft and administer a city budget among other responsibilities. The mayor may also veto legislation from council, though the veto can be overridden by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the council.[62] The mayor and city clerk are elected at-large every four years.

    The city council is the legislative body of the city and consists of eight members. Four members are elected from four single-member districts using the first-past-the-post method in the city's wards, and four members are elected at-large using the block voting method. Members of the council serve staggered four-year terms.[63] Half the council is up for election every two years, including two ward seats and two at-large seats.[64] At its first meeting of the year, the council chooses from amongst its members a president and vice president. The president is the council's presiding officer, and also chooses the chairs of council committees.[62] In the absence of the president and vice president, the city clerk chairs the council.

    The city largely supports the Democratic Party. It has not had a Republican mayor in office since 1993 when then-Democratic state representative David Hollister defeated incumbent Mayor Jim Crawford, who had formerly served as a Republican member on the Ingham County Board of Commissioners. However, all city elections are held on an officially nonpartisan basis.[62]

    Since given the ability to do so by the state in 1964, the city has levied an income tax of 1 percent on residents. 0.5 percent on non-residents, and 1.0 percent on corporations.[65][66]

    State and federal representation

    [edit]

    Lansing is currently split between three congressional districts. Most of the city lies within the boundaries of Michigan's 8th congressional district, which is represented by Democratic congresswoman Elissa Slotkin, who was elected in the 2018 midterm election. The small portion of the city that extends into Eaton County is located in the 7th district, which has been represented by Republican congressman Tim Walberg since 2011. The small portion of the city that extends into Clinton County is located in the 4th district, which has been represented by Republican congressman John Moolenaar since 2015.

    At the state level, most of Lansing is located in the 23rd district of the Michigan Senate, which has been represented by Democratic state senator Curtis Hertel Jr. since 2015. The small portions of the city that extend into Eaton County and Clinton County is located in the 24th district of the Michigan Senate, are currently represented by Republican state senator Tom Barrett. The city lies in the 67th, 68th, 71st, and 93rd districts of the Michigan State House of Representatives, represented by state representatives Kara Hope (D-67), Sarah Anthony (D-68), Angela Witwer (D-71), and Graham Filler (R-93).

    Though Lansing is not the designated county seat, some Ingham County offices are located in downtown Lansing, including a branch office of the county clerk, the county personnel office, and some courtrooms.

    Economy

    [edit]
    Top City Employers
    Source: Lansing Economic Area Partnership[67]
    Rank Company/Organization #
    1 State of Michigan 14,390
    2 Michigan State University 10,253
    3 University of Michigan Health - Sparrow 7,600
    4 General Motors 4,549
    5 Lansing Community College 3,144
    6 McLaren Greater Lansing 3,000
    7 Auto-Owners Insurance 2,578
    8 Peckham 2,510
    9 Jackson National Life 2,500
    10 Dart Container 2,000
    11 Meijer 1,500
    12 Dean Transportation 800
    13 Delta Dental 800
    14 MSU Federal Credit Union 800
    15 Michigan Farm Bureau 750

    The Lansing metropolitan area's major industries are government, education, insurance, healthcare, and automobile manufacturing. Being the state capital, many state government workers reside in the area.

    Michigan State University, Thomas M. Cooley Law School, and Lansing Community College are significant employers in the region.

    General Motors has offices and a hi-tech manufacturing facility in Lansing and several manufacturing facilities immediately outside the city, as well, in nearby Lansing and Delta townships. The Lansing area is headquarters to four major national insurance companies: Auto-Owners Insurance Company, Jackson National Life, the Accident Fund, and Michigan Millers Insurance Company. Other insurers based in Lansing include Farm Bureau Insurance of Michigan.

    The Otto E. Eckert power plant along the Grand River, operated by the Lansing Board of Water and Light

    Locally owned and operated convenience store chain Quality Dairy is a significant presence in the Lansing market.[68] The first Quality Dairy Store opened in 1936 and as of 2023 there are 26 retail locations in the Mid-Michigan area.[69][70][71] Quality Dairy Company's headquarters is located near REO Town in Lansing[72] and operates its Dairy Plant and Bakery Plant from central Lansing as well.[73]

    The recent decline of the auto industry in the region has increased the region's awareness of the importance of a strategy to foster the high-technology sector.

    Early availability of high-speed Internet in 1996, as well as the MSU, Cooley Law School, and Lansing Community College student body population, fostered an intellectual environment for information technology companies to incubate. Lansing has a number of technology companies in the fields of information technology and biotechnology.

    Healthcare

    [edit]

    University of Michigan Health - Sparrow Lansing is a 740-bed hospital affiliated with Michigan State University and its College of Human Medicine and College of Osteopathic Medicine. It offers a Level I Trauma Center[74] and its own helicopter service.[75]

    McLaren–Greater Lansing Hospital enjoys a special affiliation in radiation oncology with the University of Michigan and Michigan State University; McLaren–Greater Lansing is part of the Great Lakes Cancer Institute (GLCI).

    Urban renewal and downtown redevelopment

    [edit]

    Several urban renewal projects by private developers are adding higher end apartments and condominiums to the Lansing market. The Arbaugh, a former department store across from Cooley Law School, was converted into apartments in 2005. Motor Wheel Lofts, a former industrial site, was converted into loft-style living spaces in mid-2006.[76] A combination retail and residential complex immediately south of Cooley Law School Stadium (formerly Oldsmobile Park) called "The Stadium District", was completed in 2007.[77] The Stadium District was redeveloped using a grant from the Michigan State Housing Development Authority through the Cool Cities Initiative.[78][79]

    In May 2006 the historically significant Mutual Building located on Capitol Avenue was purchased by The Christman Company to be renovated back to its original grandeur and used as the company's headquarters.[80] Additional downtown developments include the renovation of the historic Hollister Building and the expansion of the former Abrams Aerial Building. As of August 2008, an 18-story condominium high-rise called Capitol Club Tower was in the design phase with the adjacent parking structure having been approved by city council and purchased by the developer. The city market, in existence since 1909, was approved to be sold for a multi-building mixed-use development called MarketPlace, right next to the current market on the adjacent riverfront. The MarketPlace project was redeveloped along with BallPark North, another mixed-use development that will be immediately north of Oldsmobile Stadium. A new city market was built north of the Lansing Center, but closed in 2019. Across the river, the Accident Fund Insurance Company renovated the former (art deco) Ottawa Street Powerplant into their new headquarters. In addition to the renovation, Accident Fund Insurance Company built a modern addition to the north of the historic portion that is connected by an atrium for more office space, as well as a parking structure. In 2009, the restaurant Troppo began construction on a new 2-story building that will have an open-air patio on the roof facing the Capitol building.[81] Developer Eyde Co. announced plans on April 6, 2010, to renovate the historical and prominent Knapp's building in downtown Lansing for first floor retail, office space and apartments/condos on the top floor (5th) in a $22–24 million project.[82]

    Retail

    [edit]

    The Lansing area has two major malls: Lansing Mall and Meridian Mall. Other major retail centers include Eastwood Towne Center and Frandor Shopping Center.

    Education

    [edit]
    J.W. Sexton High School,
    Westside Lansing
    Everett High School,
    Southside Lansing

    Michigan State University, a member of the Big Ten Conference, is known as "the pioneer land grant college", located in neighboring East Lansing. MSU has one of the largest land campuses in the United States and is home to several nationally and internationally recognized academic and research-oriented programs. Michigan State offers over 200 programs of study and is home to fourteen different degree-granting schools and colleges including two medical schools, a veterinary school, a law school, and numerous PhD programs. It is the only university in the nation with three medical schools. MSU is consistently one of the top three programs in the United States for study abroad programs. The MSU College of Education is also consistently rated as the top education program in the nation. Michigan State University is the oldest agricultural college in the United States. The MSU School of Criminal Justice is the oldest continuous degree granting criminal justice program in the nation.[83] In 2008, the Department of Energy announced MSU won the contest for a $550 million Facility for Rare Isotope Beams that will attract top researchers from around the world to conduct experiments in nuclear science, astrophysics and applications of isotopes to other fields.[84]

    Lansing Community College offers more than 500 areas of study to over 18,000 students at its main facilities in Lansing, and another 5,000 students at twenty-nine extension centers and a site in Otsu, Japan. LCC's new, state-of-the-art University Center enables students to take courses with the goal of eventually earning an undergraduate or graduate degree from other Michigan institutions. The University Center stands on the former site of "Old Central", Lansing's first public high school, which was established in 1875 as Lansing High School. (In the 1920s it was renamed as Central High School, and in 1957 became the first building on the LCC campus.)[85]

    Other institutions of higher education include Western Michigan University (branch campus in Delta Township), Davenport University in Downtown Lansing, Central Michigan University (branch campus), and Great Lakes Christian College (campus in Delta Township).

    Eastern High School,
    Eastside Lansing

    Within Ingham County, most of Lansing is in Lansing School District. Some portions are in East Lansing School District, Holt Public Schools, Mason Public Schools, Okemos Public Schools, and Waverly Community Schools.[86]

    Within Clinton County, school districts which include parts of Lansing are Lansing School District and DeWitt Public Schools.[87]

    In Eaton County, school districts serving parts of Lansing include Lansing School District, Holt Public Schools, and Grand Ledge Public Schools.[88]

    Public schools
    Charter schools
    Private schools

    Cultural celebrations

    [edit]

    Parades

    [edit]

    The African American Parade occurs in Lansing's Westside as part of the annual Juneteenth Celebration[96]

    Each year in August, the Michigan Pride festival includes an LGBT pride parade from Riverfront Park to the capitol.

    The annual Silver Bells in the City Electric Light Parade proceeds through the streets of downtown Lansing every November, the Friday before Thanksgiving. It is followed by the lighting of Michigan's official Christmas tree in front of the State Capitol and a firework show (weather permitting) over the State Capitol.[97]

    Music

    [edit]

    The Lansing Symphony Orchestra has been entertaining generations of Lansing-area residents since 1929. The current music director is Timothy Muffett.

    The Lansing JazzFest and the Old Town BluesFest host leading musicians, and are two of the larger music festivals held each year in the state.

    Old Town's Festival of the Moon and Sun is a two-day festival of food and live music.[98]

    Old Town Oktoberfest is a two-day event drawing hundreds to the Old Town neighborhood for live polka music, authentic German food and world-renowned German-style beer.[99]

    It was announced in May 2007 that the city would host "Blues on the Square", a series of summertime blues concerts featuring national acts Thursday nights along Washington Square in downtown Lansing. In 2008 the event regularly drew crowds over 500.[100]

    The Common Ground Festival[101] is a musical event held over a week every July at the Adado Riverfront Park in downtown Lansing pulling in crowds over 90,000 for the week. It began in 2000 and replaced the Michigan Festival that was held in nearby East Lansing. It has a wide range of musical acts. In 2008 acts included Staind, Drowning Pool, Sammy Hagar, The Hard Lessons, Snoop Dogg, REO Speedwagon, Kellie Pickler, Seether and Trace Adkins. 2012 acts included The Flaming Lips, Man Man, Motion City Soundtrack, Joshua Davis, mewithoutyou, with local ensembles The Lansing Unionized Vaudeville Spectacle and Vandalay on the bill.

    Every year City Pulse names the "Top Original Act" in the Top of the Town Awards. The 2010 winner was Eastside neighborhood native indie rock band Loune.[102] The 2011 winner was pop punk act Frank and Earnest.[103]

    On June 23, 2018, REO Town hosted the Three Stacks Music Festival featuring Against Me!, Murder by Death, Pup, mewithoutyou, Screaming Females, Camp Cove, Petal, Oceanator, City Mouse, Worn Spirit, Stefanie Haapala, Ness Lake, and Secret Forte.

    Other notable Lansing musicians include Tell Yo Mama Archived May 11, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Root Doctor Archived April 4, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, Jen Sygit, James Gardin Archived September 10, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, The Further Adventures of Fat Boy and the Jive Turkeys Archived April 30, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, MSU Professors of Jazz Archived April 4, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, Joe Hertler and the Rainbow Seekers Archived February 13, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Jahshua Smith, BLAT! Pack Archived April 30, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Deacon Earl and Frontier Ruckus.

    Points of interest

    [edit]
    Michigan State Capitol

    Farmers' markets

    [edit]
    Farmers' market in Lansing

    Lansing has several farmers' markets throughout the city in the summer months. These markets include the Allen Street Farmer's Market[104] on the city's eastside, the Westside Farmers' Market, the Old Town Farmer's Market, and the South Lansing Farmer's Market.[105]

    Libraries

    [edit]

    The Library of Michigan and Historical Center is a state library and research center. The library is one of the top five genealogical research facilities in the United States. The Capital Area District Library has 13 branches within Ingham County, some of these include the Main Library downtown, the Foster Library on the east side, and the South Lansing Library on the south side.

    Museums

    [edit]

    Lansing is home to a number of small, specialized museums:

    Theatre

    [edit]
    • The Riverwalk Theatre, (formerly the Okemos Barn Theatre),[110] the Lansing Civic Players,[111] and the now defunct BoarsHead Theater[112] are or were all located in downtown.
    • Peppermint Creek Theatre Company[113] is a well established "new" theater company.
    • Happendance, Michigan's longest-running professional modern dance company, has been based in Greater Lansing since 1976.[114]
    • The Greater Lansing Ballet Company is a ballet and dance company.
    • The Creole Gallery[115] brings in various musicians and hosts the Icarus Falling Theater group.

    Potter Park Zoo

    [edit]

    The historic Potter Park Zoo, located along the Red Cedar River in Lansing, is a 102-acre park that has more than 160 species of animals. The park holds numerous programs and events for children and families to enjoy. With annual attendance increasing every year since 2006 (110,167 in 2006, 137,237 in 2008, and 167,000 in 2009) there are $667,100 in capital improvements planned for 2009 including a giant walk-in aviary and a new female tiger. In 2009 the zoo began a $1.4 million renovation to its rhinoceros exhibit. This is in addition to $1.3 million spent on capital improvements in 2008.[116][117] In 2011 the Black Rhino exhibit opened; and three tiger cubs were born. In 2016 a 3-acre moose exhibit opened in the park.[118]

    Other area destinations

    [edit]

    In October 2009 the Wharton Center for Performing Arts completed a 24,000 square feet (2,230 m2), $18.5 million expansion and renovation,[119] having already spent over $1.3 million in 2008.[120] Many Broadway shows come to The Wharton Center before traveling to theaters in larger places such as Chicago.[121] The Kresge Art Museum,[122] the MSU Museum,[123] and the Abrams Planetarium[124] are highly acclaimed cultural destinations located on the campus of Michigan State University in East Lansing. In June 2007 MSU announced the plans to build a new art museum after a $26 million gift from Eli and Edythe Broad.[125] Internationally known Pritzker Prize winning architect Zaha Hadid of London won the design competition for the East Lansing museum that was completed in November 2012.

    Media

    [edit]

    Newspapers and magazines

    [edit]

    Television

    [edit]

    Cable slots listed reflect the Comcast cable system in Lansing.

    Radio

    [edit]

    Note: If the station has no city listed before the format, it is licensed to Lansing.

    Radio stations from Ann Arbor, Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, Saginaw, and Flint can also be heard in the Lansing area.

    Sports

    [edit]
    Club Sport League Venue Years of Existence
    Lansing Lugnuts Baseball High-A Central Jackson Field 1996–present
    Michigan State Spartans College athletics Big Ten Conference Various Stadiums
    Lansing Community College College athletics Michigan Community College Athletic Association
    Lansing Roller Derby Roller derby Women's Flat Track Derby Association Lansing Center
    Lansing Common FC Soccer Midwest Premier League Eastern Stadium 2020–present

    The Lansing Lugnuts are a High-A Central league, Minor League Baseball team, currently affiliated with the Athletics. The team plays its home games at Jackson Field, which was built at a cost of $12.7 million and opened in 1996 in downtown Lansing. It was partially renovated in 2006. Jackson Field has a seating capacity of 11,215 fans, and was built to accommodate additional expansion. Previously known as Oldsmobile Park, the facility was renamed Thomas M. Cooley Law School Stadium in April 2010, in reference to the park's new sponsor.[137] It was renamed again to Jackson Field after a change in sponsorship to Jackson National Life.[138]

    Michigan State University, located in East Lansing, is the largest university in the State of Michigan. MSU sponsors both men's and women's sports, usually competing as a member of the Big Ten Conference. The Spartans have won National Titles in Men's Basketball, Football, Men's Boxing, Men's Cross Country, Men's Gymnastics, Men's Ice Hockey, Men's Soccer, and Men's Wrestling.

    Lansing Community College also sponsors many sports, competing as members of the Michigan Community College Athletic Association. The Stars have won NJCAA titles in the following sports: Women's Softball, Men's Basketball, Women's Basketball, Men's Cross Country, Women's Cross Country, Women's Marathon and Men's Marathon.

    The Lansing area is also known for its many golf courses, with two courses owned by Michigan State University, four municipal courses, and many additional public and private courses in the area. The former Walnut Hills Country Club in nearby East Lansing formerly hosted the LPGA's Oldsmobile Classic from 1992 to 2000. The Michigan PGA recently relocated from the Detroit area to Bath, Michigan, which is on the northern edge of Lansing.

    In the 1980s and 1990s Lansing was a major player in semi-pro football. The Lansing Crusaders won MFL/MCFL championships in 1982, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1989, and 1990. The team finished second in 1984, 1986, and 1991.

    Other past sports teams include:

    Transportation

    [edit]

    Airports

    [edit]

    Scheduled commercial airline service is offered from Capital Region International Airport (formerly known as Capital City Airport).[139] Delta Air Lines maintains routes to Detroit and Minneapolis. United Airlines maintains routes to Chicago O'Hare. American Airlines offers non-stop flights to Washington, D.C., and Chicago O'Hare. Apple Vacations provides seasonal flights to Cancún, Mexico; Montego Bay, Jamaica; and Punta Cana, Dominican Republic.[140] UPS has a freight hub at Capital Region International Airport making up part of the 42 million pounds of annual cargo moving through the airport.[141] In 2008 the airport received a port of entry designation – known as Port Lansing – and now has a permanent customs facility, thus changing its name to reflect the port of entry status.[142] The same year a 500-foot (150 m) extension to the largest of the three runways – now 8,506-foot (2,593 m) – was completed to allow for larger aircraft to use the airport.[143]

    Major highways

    [edit]

    Railways

    [edit]

    Public transportation

    [edit]
    • Capital Area Transportation Authority (CATA) provides public transit bus service to the Lansing-East Lansing Metropolitan area on 33 routes. CATA boasts the second highest ridership in the state of Michigan after Detroit with 53,000 daily rides in September 2008 and 11,306,339 rides in fiscal year 2008.[144] CATA also provides paratransit services through Spec-Tran and the "Night Owl". Also, the "Entertainment Express" (CATA route 4) runs Thursday through Saturday from 7 pm to 2 am connecting downtown Lansing's and East Lansing's entertainment districts. CATA won APTA's America's Best Transit Award in the medium-size category (4–30 million rides) in 2007. CATA has two transportation centers (CTC), one in downtown Lansing and one on the campus of Michigan State University. In 2010, a study Archived June 15, 2016, at the Wayback Machine was conducted to consider ways of enhancing the Lansing-to-East Lansing route (currently known as Route 1), with options including enhanced bus service, single-car trolley service and light rail service. (Heavy rail was eliminated as an option early in the process, with enhanced bus service eventually winning out.)
    • Greyhound Lines provides inter-city bus service. CATA and Greyhound are both located in the CATA Transportation Center (CTC) in downtown Lansing.
    • Several taxicab companies serve the area. In 2001, Big Daddy Taxi opened using large vans to address the safety concerns of drunk driving and offered $3 rides for students of Michigan State University. In 2008 the Green Cab Company opened using Toyota Prius hybrid cars to provide "green" cabs to Lansing.[145]
    • The Michigan Flyer provides bus service between Lansing and Detroit Metro Airport 12 times daily, with a stop in Ann Arbor along the way.

    Bicycling

    [edit]
    • The 13-mile (21 km), non-motorized Lansing River Trail runs along the Grand River and the Red Cedar River, running as far east as Michigan State University, and passes Potter Park Zoo, the Capitol Loop, and several other destinations of interest, and as far west as Moores Park. The trail is accessible at many points along it, some with car parking lots. The trails breadth is extended from time to time. Currently, the trailheads are:[146] North – Dietrich Park; East – Kircher Park; South – Maguire Park; West – Moores Park. All segments are hard-surfaced. The River Trail connects to other pathways/trails in the Lansing-metro area: East – Michigan State University path system; South – Sycamore Trail. Since the trail follows a river, most street crossings use platforms under existing street bridges to provide an uncommon amount of grade separation, to the benefit of both trail users and automobile traffic. As of February 2015, the River Trail is under construction to add paths as far as Holt.

    Utilities

    [edit]

    Water supply, power and steam are municipally owned utilities which are provided by Lansing Board of Water & Light. In 2008 the Lansing BWL constructed Michigan's largest solar array towards the goal of increasing renewable energy in the energy grid.[147]

    Natural gas is provided by Consumers Energy.

    Notable people

    [edit]

    International relations

    [edit]

    Sister cities

    [edit]

    Lansing's sister cities are:[152]

    Lansing was a sister city of Kubyashi District in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The agreement began in 1992 and ended in practice when a change to the political structure of Saint Petersburg cancelled the district. The relations were officially severed by Lansing in 2013 as a protest of the laws against LGBT rights in Russia.[153]

    Friendship cities

    [edit]

    Lansing's friendship cities are:[152]

    Notes

    [edit]
    1. ^ Official records for Lansing were kept in East Lansing from April 1863 to April 1948, Capital Region Int'l from May 1948 to July 1954, East Lansing again from August 1954 to April 1959, and again at Capital Region Int'l since May 1959. For more information, see ThreadEx.

    References

    [edit]
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